Introduction to the ELSD(簡介)
The Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (Agilent 380/385-ELSD) is a unique
and highly sensitive detector for semi-volatile and non-volatile solutes in a
liquid stream. It is mainly used as a concentration detector for High
Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The solvent stream containing
the solute material is nebulized and carried by a gas flow through an
evaporation chamber. The solvent is volatilized, leaving a mist of solute
particles that scatter light to a photosensitive device. The signal is amplified
and a voltage output provides the concentration of the solute particles passing
through the light.
The Agilent 380/385-ELSD may be used alone, or as one of several detectors in
a GPC or HPLC system. As the solvent or eluent is evaporated in the course of
the analysis, the Agilent 380/385-ELSD must be the last in series if used in
conjunction with other detectors. If the Agilent 380/385-ELSD is being used as
the last detector in a series, care must be taken not to exceed the
recommended backpressure in detector cells in other units.
This manual instructs the user in the installation and operation of the Agilent
380/385-ELSD for stand-alone use and control using Agilent OpenLAB
(ChemStation & EZChrom editions) and Agilent ChemStation.
Operational Parameters（操作參數）
The ELS Detector responds to all compounds that are less volatile than the
mobile phase and is independent of a compound’s optical properties. It
therefore provides advantages over other spectroscopic detectors for detecting
compounds that are deficient in a UV chromophore or fluorophore.
The removal of aqueous mobile phase within an ELSD is typically achieved by
setting the evaporator temperature to the eluent’s boiling point (e.g. 100 °C) in
order to remove the solvent. For non-volatile compounds, operating at these
high temperatures maximizes the signal response.
However, at these temperatures volatile and semi-volatile compounds are
destroyed and are therefore not detected. This is problematic for small
molecules, such as pharmaceuticals and drug candidates.
The ELS detectors are specifically designed to evaporate difficult solvents at
ambient and sub-temperatures in order to maximize detection of semi-volatile
compounds.
The ELSD has patented technology that reduces the evaporation time of highly
aqueous solvents at low temperature, and also prevents the evaporation tube
becoming saturated, which would otherwise preventing further evaporation
occurring.
Using this patented evaporation gas technology, a 20 μm droplet of water at
30 °C can be dried ca. 3x faster than just temperature alone. Using the Agilent
385-ELSD (G4261A), water can be evaporated as low as 20 °C, providing
maximum sensitivity to thermally sensitive compounds. For maximum
sensitivity of non-volatile compounds the evaporation gas can be turned off at
higher evaporation temperatures.
Therefore, unlike other ELS detectors, where the evaporator temperature is
set according to the type of mobile phase, the ELS detector evaporator
temperature is independent of the mobile phase. Consequently, the ELS
detector can be set at 30 °C for all types of mobile phase provided the
evaporator gas flow is adjusted accordingly. This method of operation ensures
that the ELSD sensitivity is maximized even for low molecular weight
compounds.
To prevent against unnecessary gas usage, a controlled gas shut off valve is
integrated into the detector gas manifold. This will only allow gas to pass into
the instrument when in RUN mode. Should the instrument default to
STANDBY mode the gas will reduce to a default value of 1.2 SLM for 15 min
before closing.
Parts and Materials（零件與材料）
Evaporative Light Scattering Detector Parts 蒸發光散射檢測器部分
| 序號 | 說明 | 部件號 |
| 1 | Nebulizer Assembly [1] | see list below |
| 2 | Nebulization Chamber(glass)[2] | G4218-40000 |
| 3 | Black Plastic Nut for Nebulization Chamber (13 mm Diameter) [3] | G4218-40010 |
| 9 | Black Plastic Nut for Nebulization Chamber (30 mm Diameter) [9] | G4218-40011 |
| Seal kit for nebulization chambe | G4218-68010 |
| Cartridge for Gas Regulator | G4218-40150 |
| 4、5 | Drain Assembly (includes fitting [5]) [4] | G4218-40100 |
| Drain Bottle Assy | G1946-60111 |
| ¾ inch PE Tubing for Drain Bottle, 1 unit = 1 cm | 0890-1727 |
| Tube Fitting (6 mm diameter) for Gas Regulator | G4218-40160 |
| 6 | Pneumatic tube (diameter 4 mm) for Nebulizer (includes stainless steel fitting [6]) | G4218-40220 |
| Detector Gas Inlet Tube 6 mm O.D., 10 m | G4218-40170 |
| 7 | Wall Mounting Fitting (4 mm diameter) [7] | G4218-40140 |
| 8 | Bulkhead Fitting [8] | G4218-40130 |
| 11 | Gas check valve | G4218-40200 |
| Front panel shield window | G4218-40400 |
| Autozero Cable | G4218-81101 |
| Signal Cable | G4218-81100 |
| RS232 Cable Female/Female/Straight, 3 m | G4218-81103 |
| External Event Cable | G4218-81102 |
| APG Remote Cable | 5061-3378 |
| Caffeine Standard 250 μg/ml in water | G4218-85000 |
Nebulizers for the G4218A Agilent Evaporative Light Scattering Detector
（用于G4218A霧化器）
| Nebulizer | Useable Flow Range | Optimum Flow Range | Nebulizer Back Pressure - bar (with water) | Identifying Marks | Part Number |
| Micro Flow Nebulizer | 5.0 μl/min – 40.0 μl/min | 15.0 μl/min – 25.0 μl/min | 24 (100 μl/min | Blue Seal 2 Rings | G4218-20003 |
| Semi Micro Flow Nebulizer | 0.04 ml/min – 1.0 ml/min | 0.1 ml/min – 0.3 ml/min | 44 (1 ml/min) | Yellow Seal 2 Rings | G4218-20001 |
| Standard Flow Nebulizer | 0.2 ml/min – 2.0 ml/min | 0.5 ml/min – 1.2 ml/min | 4 (1 ml/min) | Black Seal 2 Rings | G4218-20000 |
| Large Flow Nebulizer | 1.0 ml/min – 5.0 ml/min | 2.0 ml/min – 3.0 ml/min | 4 (1 ml/min) | Red Seal 1 Ring | G4218-20002 |
| Rapid Resolution Nebulizer | 0.2 ml/min – 1.4 ml/min | 0.4 ml/min – 1.0 ml/min | 14† | White Seal 1 Ring | G4218-20004 |
Identifying Parts and Materials（識別零件與耗材）
| p/n | Description |
| G4260A | Agilent 380 Evaporative Light Scattering Detector |
| G4261A | Agilent 385 Evaporative Light Scattering Detector |
| G4260-60005 | Injection Trigger Cable |
| PL0890-0300 | Analogue output cable |
| PL0890-0305 | Gas inlet tube (2 m) |
| PL0890-0310 | Exhaust hose (PVC-2 m) |
| PL0890-0315 | Waste hose (tygon) 7 cm |
| PL0890-0320 | Solvent waste container (500 mL) |
| PL0890-0325 | RS232 communication cable |
| PL0890-0345 | Dimension trigger cable |
| PL0890-0350 | Remote start cable (third party LCs only) |
| G4260-90000 | ELSD Operation Manual |
| PL0890-0370 | ELSD Control Software |
| PL0890-0375 | ELSD Dimension Software (includes trigger cable) |
| PL0890-0390 | ELSD nebuliser |
| PL0890-0395 | Leak sensor assembly |
| PL0890-0400 | Mass flow controller |
| PL0890-0405 | Photo detector assembly |
| PL0890-0410 | ELSD light source |
| PL0890-0415 | Fan assembly |
| PL0890-0420 | Front (white) LED assembly |
| PL0890-0425 | Gas inlet assembly |
| PL0890-0430 | AR20 regulator assembly |
| PL0890-0435 | Front outlet tube |
| PL0890-0440 | ELSD key |
| PL0890-0445 | Front panel moulding |
| PL0890-0450 | Solvent inlet connector (1/16th) |
| PL0890-0455 | ELSD grey keypad |
| PL0890-0460 | 380-ELSD display window |
| PL0890-0465 | 385-ELSD display window |
| PL0890-0470 | 380-ELSD main control PCB |
| PL0890-0475 | Evaporator cartridge |
| PL0890-0480 | Evaporator heater assembly (no cartridge) |
| PL0890-0485 | Neb mount assembly |
| PL0890-0490 | Neb chamber assembly |
| PL0890-0495 | Exhaust tube |
| PL0890-0500 | Exhaust waste tube |
| PL0890-0505 | Glass sleeve, neb chamber |
| PL0890-0510 | Vapour sensor |
| PL0890-0515 | 385-ELSD main control PCB |
| PL0890-0520 | 380-ELSD power supply |
| PL0890-0525 | Gas inlet frit, 10 μm |
| PL0890-0530 | Gas inlet plug |
| PL0890-0535 | 385-ELSD power supply |
| PL0890-0540 | FFKM O-ring (19.30x2.40） |
| PL0890-0545 | FFKM Neb O-Ring (6.0x1.0) |
| PL0890-0550 | PTFE nebuliser chamber |
| PL0890-0555 | Nebuliser waste tube |
| PL0890-0560 | P-Trap diffusor |
| PL0890-0565 | Viton O-ring (19.30x2.40) |
| PL0890-0570 | Viton O-ring (0.7x1.0) |
| PL0890-0575 | Viton O-ring (15.30x2.40) |
| PL0890-0580 | Light trap assembly |
| PL0890-0585 | Prism assembly |
| PL0890-0595 | Optics heater |
| PL0890-0615 | O-ring (21.95x1.78） |
| PL0890-0620 | O-ring nitrile, prism |
| PL0890-0630 | 385-ELSD peltier assembly |
| PL0890-0635 | Mains inlet fuse (Pk 5) |
| 8121-1013 | Serial/USB adapter |
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